The India-US relationship, long defined by strategic hedging, is steadily moving towards real-world outcomes. In the past, the India-US relationship has seen periods of episodic cooperation and constraint. However, in recent years, engagement across various sectors, including commercial, defence, economic, and technology, has seen steady progress. In June 2026, US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer visited New Delhi to finalise an interim trade deal, and the second Pax Silica summit was held in Washington. Engagement on critical minerals is one such avenue to further consolidate relations. In May, on the margins of the Quad Foreign Ministers’ Meeting, the two countries signed a bilateral framework for critical minerals and rare earths. This was announced alongside a commitment to mobilise up to US$20 billion in capital under the Quad Critical Minerals Initiative Framework.