Fiona B. Adamson and Enze Han, in ‘Diasporic Geopolitics, Rising Powers, and the Future of International Order’, analyse how rising powers like China, India, and Turkey employ their diasporas as instruments of geopolitical influence. Published on May 6, 2024, the article argues that as these nations expand their economic and political influence, they increasingly treat their diasporas as more than just remittance-generating resources, but as assets to advance their foreign policy interests. The research finds three main mechanisms of what it terms ‘diasporic geopolitics’: economic assets, soft power and civilizational politics, and diplomatic resources for lobbying, image management, and political mobilization. Through these mechanisms, diasporas enable trade and investment, spread cultural narratives, and raise the international profile of their homelands. But Adamson and Han also note the risks these policies carry, such as problems of dual loyalties, concerns of foreign interference, and charges of transnational repression.
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